| Grant number: | 14/24804-4 |
| Support Opportunities: | Regular Research Grants |
| Start date: | April 01, 2015 |
| End date: | September 30, 2017 |
| Field of knowledge: | Health Sciences - Dentistry |
| Principal Investigator: | Paula Midori Castelo Ferrua |
| Grantee: | Paula Midori Castelo Ferrua |
| Host Institution: | Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas (ICAQF). Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP). Campus Diadema. Diadema , SP, Brazil |
| City of the host institution: | Diadema |
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic multifactorial disease associated with an inflammatory condition of low intensity. It is considered a public health problem in developed and developing countries assuming epidemic proportions. It is assumed that changes in individual's oral specific characteristics, such as biochemistry and salivary microbiological compositions, may be related to inflammatory status, nutritional deficiency and dyslipidemia associated with overweight. The masticatory function may have an impact on nutritional status, although this issue has been rarely addressed in the literature. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the biochemical composition in terms of salivary pH and flow rate, cholesterol, 7 ketocholesterol, 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 and D3, uric acid, expression of nuclear factor kappa ² (marker of inflammation), salivary microbiota and quality of the masticatory function of 220 adolescents of both genders aged between 14 and 17 years of public schools in Piracicaba (SP). The physical examination will involve measurements of height, weight, fat mass and skeletal muscle mass through a digital stadiometer and bioelectrical impedance analysis to divide the subjects in the following groups: normal-weight, overweight and obesity, according to reference BMI-for-age and sex (5-19 years) (WHO, 2007). By means of oral examination, the inclusion criteria will be evaluated: presence of permanent dentition without dental caries and absence of periodontal pockets (>3mm). Stimulated and non- stimulated saliva will be collected in schools, in the morning, for the determination of cholesterol, 7- ketocholesterol, uric acid and 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The evaluation of NF- kappa ² expression will be assessed by real-time PCR or quantitative PCR (qPCR). For microbiological analysis, salivary DNA samples will be isolated and subjected to quantitative PCR reactions (qPCR) in order to determine the proportion of Selenomonas noxia, Bifidobacteria, Streptococcus mutans and Prevotella intermedia in relation to the total bacterial load. The evaluation of masticatory function will be performed by objective and subjective methods, namely: Orofacial Myofunctional Evaluation expanded protocol, masticatory performance with colorimetric method, electromyographic activity of masseter and temporalis muscles, maximum unilateral bite force and subjective assessment of quality of masticatory function using an specific questionnaire. The description of the studied variables and the correlation will be analyzed using descriptive statistics, normality tests, correlation tests (Pearson or Spearman) and unpaired t test or Mann-Whitney, where appropriate. A multiple logistic regression model will be used to examine the association of studied variables with weight excess (±=0.05), controlling for potential confounding factors. (AU)
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